Company Secretary Courses And Subjects

Company Secretary Courses

The Company Law Board initiated a course in the year 1960 which is a Diploma in Company Secretary ship by the Government. As a result, the Institute of Company Secretaries of India stretched in the year 1969. These come under the regulation of the Companies Act in 1956 of Section 25. As per the Act of 1980, this was converted into a constitutional organization.

The Course lineup the knowledge in the field of legal affairs and commercial economic filed with the contemporary practice.
The aim of this Course’s is to expand and control the business.

* Foundation Course – 1st Stage: This is for the individual; he should pass the exam of Higher Secondary to meet up the eligibility criteria.

* Intermediate Course – 2nd Stage: The Intermediate Course which the individual should pass the foundation phase.

* Final Course – Last Stage/Final Course: The Final Course which the individual should clear all the two stages accurately to become a successful Company Secretary.

These are the all the 3 stages to be successfully completed

Eligibility Criteria:

Who and how an individual can pursue

* One should have passed his/her Higher Secondary examination or Intermediate Examination in order to pursue the Company Secretary courses.

* Those who are already a graduate and have cleared post graduation in Cost Accountancy or Chartered Accountancy has an advantage which is they can directly apply for the Intermediate stage of company secretary.

Training after Courses of Company Secretary:

After successfully clearing all the stages of the examinations; candidates have to go for a practical training for 16 months in order that the individual becomes the member of the Institute of the CSI and the person will be allocated a Professional Membership Number.

Extra Qualities:

* The person must be devoted and he/she should accomplish the good writing and speaking English skills

* He/she should also attain a moral character

* He/she should be able to understand the strategies and policies of the company. In a straight way he/she should become diplomatic person and should also be intellectual, elegant, loyal and meticulous as well.

Subjects Covers:

* Basic Economics
* Business Communication
* English
* Financial Accounting
* Company Law
* Management Accounting
* General and Commercial Law
* Corporate Secretarial practice
* Banking and Insurance
* World Trade Organization
* Corporate Restructuring
* Human Resource Management and Industrial Relation
* International Trade
* Joint Ventures and Foreign Collaborations and many more

Sade Sati Sade Sathi Saturn Sade Sati Astrobeacon

Sade Sati Sade Sati is the 7 1/2 year long period of planet Saturn, when Saturn transit the twelfth, first and second houses from one’s moon chart (the position of moon in zodiac sign of a person at the time of birth is called his/ her moon sign). The believers in astrology considered Sade Sati the most terrible period. Saturn takes thirty years to make one round of the Zodiac hence 2.5 years in each sign x 3 = 7.5 years.

Sade Sati Effects

First 2.5 Years of Sade Sati (Dhayya) The transit of Saturn 12th house from moon, the wicked results may be felt more from the parents or near relations. During this period you may experience the decline in financial matters by raising the plentiful expenses. Due to seventh aspect on sixth house, consequently you may be in debts. Lastly due to tenth aspect on ninth house, General fortune may bring down and may cause hindrance to the father.

Second 2.5 Years of Sade Sati (Dhayya) In this period Saturn transits 1st house from moon, it have an effect on the person himself in domestic due to seventh aspect on seventh house and skilled pastures due to tenth aspect on tenth house. Staying in the first house it indicates sick health, can result in Weak financial position, parting from family, lose friends, rising in plentiful expenses non-fulfill the promises, embarrassment, loss of self-assurance and self-esteem. These results can happen only when Saturn is stand-in as malefic in one’s chart as enlightened above. Only few a person experience Sade Satti may suffer all these results. For majority, there may be mixed results only.

Third 2.5 Years of Sade Sati (Dhayya) In this period Saturn transits second house from Moon, It have an effect on health, children and May even death if it is faced in old age. Due to the 8th house aspect, it may cause monitory Loss, rising in plentiful expenses, sick health, and despondent family life. Due to aspect on 4th house mental stress, financial loss, increase in rivals, physical agony, clashes in relationship and acquaintances, lots of sorrows.

During this period people experience some stresses and troubles but it is nothing to be scared about. Almost every person has to face at least 2 Sade Satis’ in his life. Sade sati differ from person to person depending on the planetary position in ones’ birth chart still while giving some troubles and strains, it doesn’t refute you achievement.

Unluckily astrologers take no notice of the constructive side of Saturn and project it only as a wicked planet.

All types of terrible results are predicted by the astrologers to fright the people and with the exception of living under fright; people spend a lot of money on all types of remedies.

SADE SATTI REMEDIES There are plenty of remedies for Sade Sati; the most effective is to donate in charity on every Saturday during this period. Second one is to keep talisman of Saturn that can be made only at the time of exaltation of planet Saturn (This time comes once after every 30 years when Saturn is at 23 Degree in Libra).

According to the western astrology Saturn was exalted last year in the month of November in Libra. Numbers of astrologers has made this talisman during this specified period of time. This is a golden period of time for those who are facing Sade sati or bad affects of planet Saturn in their birth chart.

Note:- As astrologers of Astrobeacon.com has made Talisman of Saturn in that specified period to serve the effected people of planet Saturn. You can ask us for the same and also for free Sade Sati report.

Astrobeacon, providing free astrology services, free birth chart readings, gemstone consultancy, health and medical solution

Separation Agreement

Separation Agreement
A Separation Agreement is a written agreement otherwise known as a Deed of Separation which is suitable for married or cohabiting couples who have agreed the terms for their separation and want to record these terms in a formal legal agreement. By recording the agreed terms in a formal written deed there is no scope for future dispute over the agreed terms. The agreement will be legally binding and can be used for establishing the terms to go in a future divorce petition.

Who to Inform When Your Marriage Ends
You may need to get in touch with the following:

Landlord or housing office;
Housing benefit office;
Council tax office (England and Wales);
Mortgage lender;
Water, gas, electricity and telephone companies;
Tax office, particularly if you’re getting tax credits;
Your bank, especially if you have a joint account;
Hire purchase or credit companies;
Insurance companies, particularly if you have joint policies;
Post office, if you want mail redirected;
Your doctor, dentist and child health clinic.

Separating Informally
If you and your partner are married, you can separate by an informal arrangement. You will need to inform some or all of the people listed under heading Who to inform when your marriage ends.
However, any informal arrangement made when you separate may affect future decisions if you do ever go to court.

Whats Included in a Separation Agreement?
When preparing to draft the separation agreement each party must produce full and frank financial disclosure, showing documentary evidence of their assets and liabilities. Each party exchanges this information with the other. Then the discussion takes place and hopefully an explicit separation agreement can be drawn.
Examples of what you might want to include in an agreement are:

To live separately
Not to molest, annoy or disturb the other partner
To provide financial support (maintenance) for the other partner. A separation agreement would normally say that maintenance will stop if the partner starts living together with a different partner. Any agreement not to apply to court in the future for financial support does not count legally
To provide financial support (maintenance) for any children of the relationship. Any agreement not to apply to a court or to the Child Support Agency in the future does not count legally

Do I have to Financially Support my ex?
If unmarried, neither partner has a legal duty to support the other financially either during or after the relationship. However, a separation agreement might include a point that states, for example, that you will continue to provide financial support to your ex unless they start living with a new partner.

What are the advantages of a Separation Agreement?
The principal advantage is that is allows parties to reach agreement in relation to financial (and other) issues without having to go to Court. Such agreements can also serve to provide evidence that the parties have actually separated and that they consider the marriage is at an end. This may be helpful if proceedings for divorce are commenced at a later stage.

Judicial Separation vs Separation Agreements
Unlike separation agreements in which the Court has no involvement, judicial separation is dealt with through the Court. The procedure is similar to divorce; however, judicial separation does not actually bring the marriage to an end. It provides evidence that you have formally separated which could be helpful in any future divorce proceedings. It allows you to formally regulate your financial affairs by way of a Court order since the Court have powers to make the same orders that are available on divorce and those can be varied or enforced.
Can I revoke Separation Agreement?
If a couple decides to stay together, they may revoke their separation agreement.
Main features
Key features of the Separation Agreement service

Separate and apart
Children – residence and contact
Obtaining divorce by agreement
Finance – clean break ( where applicable)
Lump sum payments
Maintenance for spouse
Additional maintenance such as school fees
Child maintenance
Terminating events such as death or remarriage
Variation of agreement for maintenance
Occupation of family home
Transfer of family home
Release from mortgage
Sale of family home
Transfer of family company
Life insurance policies
Pension provision
Agreement to leave by will
Contents of family home
Other assets
Credit cards and unsecured debts

What happens if we have a Separation Agreement and then get Divorced?
Should you and your spouse subsequently divorce, provided your Separation Agreement is drawn up properly and isreasonable, a Court is unlikely to interfere with it and will usually seek to uphold the provisions contained in it.
Future Amendments in Separation Agreement
A well drafted separation agreement will allow for future amendments by either direct written change by both parties or a process of mandatory mediation or, as a final alternative, resort to the courts.
Enforcement of Separation Agreement
Reaching an agreement with your partner is not necessarily the end of the story. You need to make sure that the terms of the agreement or court order are carried out. If one of you does not comply with the agreement, and if you are unable to sort out any dispute or misunderstanding (either directly or with the assistance of solicitors) then it is possible that an application would need to be made to court.
If you were not married or in a civil partnership, then you or your former partner can probably enforce any written agreement that was made as a contract and ask the court to uphold its terms and force you or your former partner to comply.
If you were married or in a civil partnership, then there are a range of enforcement options potentially available to you. Exactly what you can do will depend on the type of obligation that your former spouse or civil partner has failed to comply with. For example:

The court could order that maintenance payments are paid directly from salary.
The court could place a charge against a property owned by the person who failed to pay you a lump sum of money and for the property then to be sold.
As a last resort, the court to send your former spouse or civil partner to prison.
The court could enforce maintenance payments for children

You should speak to a solicitor about which of the options may be best for you.
Enforcing a court order can be expensive and take time, so you need to bear in mind the potential costs of taking action as against the benefit of enforcing the agreement.

Are there any drawbacks?

There are some drawbacks toSeparation Agreements, including thefact that they are harder to enforce than a Court order.
In addition, a Court can, following an application by either of you in subsequent proceedings, make orders that differ fromthe provisions of the agreement. However a Court will only alter the terms of a Separation Agreement with good reason, for example, if theagreement is unfair or defective.
An error in properly identifying property rights in a separation agreement, or failing to note the intentional omission in the other party’s do-it-yourself draft, could mean a significant financial difference to the trusting but naive spouse, in their old age.
Therefore, it is highly recommended to take formal legal advice so that one of the parties to the agreement cannot subsequently claim that they did not understand all of the contents of the agreement.

Net Lawman templates on separation agreement are very straight forward. The template deed of separation is drafted with many optional clauses so that it is almost certain to cover all possible circumstances. The template can be easily edited to suit your specific requirements. You will then be left with a customised separation agreement. Our expert team of Solicitors and Barristers can help you in editing or deleting the words within square brackets throughout the agreement

Financial Plan is Important So Why Many of us Don’t Have One

We all love to dream about the future we want, but many of us do not like the idea of organizing our finances and preparing a financial plan. It seems that our dream of our future is the fun part, but planning sounds like tedious and boring work. This is evident by the fact that 65% of individuals do not have a financial plan.

A study found that the benefit of having a financial plan is very significant. On average, individuals who had a plan for retirement had two and half times more assets in their retirement than those who did not have a plan. Having a plan is only part of the success equation because working with an advisor and having a financial plan shows that there is a nine to ten times increase in assets than with those who do not work with an advisor and have a financial plan.

This may explain why one third of individuals consider winning the lottery as one of their financial strategies to achieving their financial goals. So why do most of us not have a plan? It cant be because of a lack of awareness since there are many financial institutions that are advertising the importance of planning. There is also a lot of information and material on the subject with millions of results on Google. So when it comes to Financial Planning why is it that we are not prepared? Well here is a list of the three myths that I have experienced people saying.

Myth of Time: In todays fast paced life we are all starved for time. We are so busy in our everyday activities that we feel that taking time for planning is not available. When it comes to planning there is an upfront commitment of time in identifying your life goals and putting together an action to achieve them, but once you complete these steps then it is just a matter of monitoring your progress as time goes on. The time commitment is minimal compared to the return you get by working with an advisor and having a plan done as noted above.

Myth of Knowledge: The financial world, especially today, may seem too complicated with all the information out there. We are exposed to a lot of information and financial lingo. If you start by telling yourself that it is not too complicated and too hard, then you have no excuse not to do it. You may consider participating in a seminar or a workshop. You can start reading books that talk about financial matters. Soon you will learn that the financial world is not complicated once you learn some of the basics.

The Myth of Wealth: I dont have enough savings to worry about a financial plan. If you have savings then you have enough. Having a plan will help you decide not only where you should put your money, it will also help to define the why. I have learned that the why is more important than the how and where. When it comes to planning you need to start somewhere. Dont think that just because you think you dont have enough you should not have a plan. A Financial Plan will help you define the goals and dreams you want to accomplish.

Practice Test Paper & Mock Test Of Nism Series

National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM) is a public trust, established by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), the regulator for securities markets in India. It is located in Navi Mumbai, India. Towards accomplishing the desire of Government of India and vision of SEBI, NISM has launched an effort to deliver financial and securities education at various levels and across various segments in India and abroad. To implement its objectives, NISM has established six distinct schools to cater the educational needs of various constituencies such as investor, issuers, intermediaries, regulatory staff, policy makers, academia and future professionals of securities markets. NISM seeks to add to market quality through educational initiatives. It is an autonomous body governed by its Board of Governors. An international Advisory Council provides strategic guidance to NISM.NISM brings out various publications on securities markets with a view to enhance knowledge levels of participants in the securities industry.

NISM is mandated to develop and implement online test certification for professionals employed in the Indian securities markets. NISM certification tests are designed to deliver financial and securities education at various levels and across various segments. There is no eligibility requirement with regards to age as well as educational qualification to take the NISM exam.

NISM Test or NISM module includes:

NISM-Series-I: Currency Derivatives Certification Examination

NISM-Series-II-A: Registrars to an Issue and Share Transfer Agents Corporate Certification Examination

NISM-Series-II-B: Registrars to an Issue and Share Transfer Agents Mutual Fund Certification Examination

NISM-Series-IV: Interest Rate Derivatives Certification Examination

NISM Series-V A: Mutual Fund Distributors Certification Examination

NISM Series-VI: Depository Operations Certification Examination

NISM-Series-VII: Securities Operations and Risk Management Certification Examination

NISM-Series-VIII: Equity Derivatives Certification Examination

Certified Personal Financial Advisor (CPFA) Examination

The tests aim to impart working knowledge to the candidates on the basics of concerned markets, like currency derivatives markets, interest rate derivative markets, mutual funds, asset management, financial planning, securities market, depository systems, regulatory framework and the ability to analyze and evaluate different financial products and provide effective financial advisory.

Intelivisto, in-line with the objectives of SEBI & NISM, have already started taking different measures for financial education among the masses and budding professionals. These measures are in form of various Securities Market Certification practice tests and Seminars & Workshops on related subject-matters.

Intelivisto.com offers the NISM mock, chapter wise and full length online test for the preparation of NISM exams. Tests designed by Intelivisto experts are as per the parameters set by apex securities market institute NISM. These tests feature 1000 – 1500 questions. Tests carry the same pattern and testing mechanism as set for NISM online tests. Full length tests cover the questions from units in same ratio as set for respective NISM test and analysis of aspirants performance with detailed report at a microscopic level with intelivistos assessment tools.